1. Introduction

The woodworking engraving machine is a mechanical engraving machine used in furniture decoration, musical instrument industry, wooden handicraft industry, large-area plate engraving, solid wood furniture, solid wood art murals, cabinet windows, and doors, screen carving, etc. The woodcarving machine is composed of a computer, woodcarving machine controller and woodcarving machine host. Working theory: the graphic file is converted into a signal that can control the action of the processing machinery through the special engraving software configured in the computer, and the information is transmitted to the controller of the wood carving machine. Then the controller converts the information into a signal that can drive the motor (Position command pulse train) to control the wood carving machine to generate the motion path of the axis. At the same time, the high-speed rotating engraving head (spindle) on the engraving machine can cut various processed plane or three-dimensional relief graphics and text designed in the computer by cutting the processing material fixed on the worktable through the cutter to realize the automation of engraving operation. The wood carving machine achieves the automatic engraving from the sketch to the light finishing, greatly reducing the time of engraving, the multi-head wood carving machine can process multiple wood at the same time, greatly reducing the workload of labor and improving work efficiency.

2. Technical requirements

The system uses 4 sets of dual-axis servo drives and servo motors plus a machine, 8 sets of spindle frequency conversion and motors and a computer control system. As shown below:

The role of each axis:

X, Y axis: horizontal linear motion, motor and screw are directly connected;

Z axis: vertical movement, the motor is directly connected to the screw with the brake;

A axis: Eight reducers are connected in series to drive the wood to make a rotary motion. After one surface is processed, it is turned over to the other surface to continue processing, and three-dimensional processing can be completed in conjunction with the other 3 axes.

3. System Construction

The servo driver works in the position mode. The host computer sends a position command to the servo driver through the pulse control card. The servo driver drives the motor to operate according to the given command signal.

1. Electrical configuration table

2. Related parameter settings:

The position, speed, current, etc. can be observed through the host computer, so that the command and feedback waveforms can be truly observed, which is convenient for debugging and application.

(1) Speed gain adjustment

For commands from the higher-level system, the driver needs to drive the motor as promptly and accurately as possible. To make the motor move closer to the command, adjust the gain.

(2) Electronic gear ratio setting

Taking the Z-axis as an example, after jogging to move up to the target value of 10 mm, measure the actual value with a tape measure. The reciprocal of the ratio of the target value to the actual value is the electronic gear ratio.

(3) Position gain adjustment

Under normal circumstances, the default position loop gain can meet the needs of the engraving machine. If the engraving quality is not smooth, you can increase the position command filter.

4. Application debugging of zhishan servo

Zhishan K series servo supports dual-axis drive, up to 23 -bit absolute value encoder, built-in multiple bus interfaces, has the advantages of high-speed response, accurate positioning, short settling time, stable operation, etc. Also, the machine is basically free of vibration during high-speed processing, and the products have no burrs and knife marks, and the carving shape is clear and accurate, which has been greatly recognized by customers of wood carving machines.

The picture below is the finished product processed by the Zhishan K series servo: